Gungho - Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) and Shantan Bailie School

中國工業合作社與山丹培黎學校

Photographs depicting activities at co-operatives of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) movement and the Shantan Bailie School (the school is also known as the Sandan Bailie School and Shandan Bailie School). They are from two main sources. Nos. 1-8, except for 2 and 3, came from Rewi Alley (1897-1987). The remainder (nos. 9-48) came from (Walter) Brian Harland (1903-2003) and Elisabeth Harland. Some of the photographs are clearly labelled as being provided by Indusco Inc., New York. Some do not note specific locations and the majority have no indication of a specific date, so a general one of 1945-1946 has been used.

这些照片记录了中国工业合作社的分社和山丹培黎学校的活动。这些照片主要有两个来源。照片1到8中，除2和3以外，都来自于路易-艾黎 Rewi Alley (1897-1987).。剩下的照片(9-48) 来自于 Brian Harland (1903-2003) 和 Elisabeth Harland。其中一些照片清晰地标明是由纽约美国援华工业合作促进委员会提供的。还有一些并没有标记具体的位置，大部分照片都没有具体的日期，所以这里只使用 1945-1946 这个大概的时间。


Title: Rewi Alley
Location: China 中国.
Date: 1 Jan. 1946 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham:
Photographer: Unknown
Classmark: Gungho/1

Title: Rewi Alley in Lanchow (Lanzhou) 蘭州, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Lanzhou 兰州市，Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 6 Sep. 1943 - 13 Sep. 1943
Original caption by Joseph Needham:
Photographer: Needham, Joseph.
Classmark: Gungho/2

Title: A paper pulp beater being made at the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) machine co-operative (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she ji qi he zuo she 中國工業合作社機器合作社) at Shuangshihpu (Shuangshipu) 雙石鋪, Shensi (Shaanxi) 陕西
Location: Shuangshipu 双石铺镇, Fengxian 凤县, Baoji 宝鸡市, Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 18 Aug. 1943 - 18 Aug. 1943
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Paper pulp beater being made in the Machine shop co-op, Shuangshipu.
Photographer: Unknown
Classmark: Gungho/3

Title: A Central Asian type of kiln at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社), Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1946 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Central asian type kiln Sandan.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/4

Title: Chimney and entrance to the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) glass making workshop, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1946 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan glass division.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/5

Title: Workers digging a water canal near one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社), Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1946 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan digging water canal.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/6

Title: Rewi Alley with his dog standing beside a tall clump of grass used for making paper at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社), Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1946 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan (cha chi?) grass we use for paper.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/7

Title: A worker operating a steam winch, their first, at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社), Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1946 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan working first steam winch.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/8

Title: Storage jars made at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Storage jars made in the Sandan Baillie School.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/9

Title: Harvesting wheat at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Harvesting wheat at Sandan Bailie School.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/10

Title: Boys moving stones to build the dam for the flour mill at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School boys moving stones to build the dam for the flour mill.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/11

Title: The flour mill at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Flour mill Sandan Bailie School.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/12

Title: Whitewashing the school at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Whitewashing school wall Sandan Bailie School.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/13

Title: Boys baking coal bricks for the winter at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Boys baking coal brick for the winter Sandan Bailie School.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/14

Title: Boys fleshing hides in the leather section at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School leather section boys fleshing hides.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/15

Title: An outdoor class at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Outdoor class Sandan Bailie School.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/16

Title: Maps and charts drawn on walls at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Maps and charts drawn on walls of the Sandan Bailie School compounds.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/17

Title: Boys preparing to help with the construction of the foundation for the new bath house at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School boys who will help construct foundation for the new bath house.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/18

Title: Planting trees at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School students plant a tree.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/19

Title: Trucks purchased from the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) just arrived at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Convoy of trucks arrives at Sandan Bailie School.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/20

Title: Boys washing yarn at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School boys washing yarn.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/21

Title: A kiln in operation at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School pottery kiln.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/22

Title: Recently made pottery at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Products of the Sandan Bailie School pottery section…..
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/23

Title: Samples of pottery made by students at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Samples of pottery made by students of the Sandan Bailie School.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/24

Title: Students making pottery at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School boys making pottery.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/25

Title: Students examine pottery made at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School students examine pottery made at the school.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/26

Title: Students stirring paper pulp at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Paper making section of the Sandan Bailie School .
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/27

Title: A student removing a wet sheet of paper from its pile to be placed on a whitewashed wall to dry in the sun at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School boy removing wet sheet of paper from its pile to be placed on a whitewashed wall to dry in the sun.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/28

Title: A student placing sheets of wet paper on a whitewashed wall so that they may dry in the sun at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Sandan Bailie School student placing sheets of wet paper on a whitewashed wall so that they may dry in the sun.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/29

Title: A boy learns the use of a new textile machine at the Sandan / Shantan Bailie School 山丹培黎學校, Shantan (Shandan) 山丹, Kansu (Gansu) 甘肅
Location: Shandan 山丹市, Gansu 甘肃省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: A young apprenticed Bailie School boy learns the use of a new textile machine.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/30

Title: A truck at the north-west headquarters of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) marketing and supply agency, Nancheng (Nanzheng) 南鄭, Shensi (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Nanzheng 南郑县, Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: CIC brick truck and marketing and supply agency in the background. NW hq.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/31

Title: An old woman carding wool, and keeping her legs warm with a hot coal basket under her legs, at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社), Nancheng (Nanzheng) 南鄭, Shensi (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Nanzheng 南郑县, Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: China Old woman carding wool …..
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/32

Title: The dyeing section of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) blanket-making co-operative, Paochi (Baoji) 寶鷄, Shensi (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Baoji 宝鸡市, Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Dyeing section of the large blanket-making coop in Paochi, Shensi.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/33

Title: A cooperative member examines dyed blankets drying at the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) blanket-making co-operative, Paochi (Baoji) 寶鷄, Shensi (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Baoji 宝鸡市, Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Paochi blanket cooperative member examines dyed blankets which are drying. More than 3,333,333 blankets were made for the Chinese army by members of the industrial cooperatives..
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/34

Title: Workers wringing blankets at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) blanket-making co-operatives in North-west China, possibly at Paochi (Baoji) 寶鷄, Shensi (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Baoji 宝鸡市, Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Wringing blankets.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/35

Title: Workers preparing blankets for shipment at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) blanket-making co-operatives in North-west China, possibly at Paochi (Baoji) 寶鷄, Shensi (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Baoji 宝鸡市, Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Getting the blankets ready for shipment. The Chinese Industrial Cooperative made more than 3,000,000 blankets for the army..
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/36

Title: Preparing cotton thread for the loom at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) in Shensi province (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: One of the complicated hard processes in preparing cotton thread for the loom.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/37

Title: Women members learning new techniques of weaving at a special training class to develop expert spinning and weaving techniques at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) in Shensi province (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Women members of the CIC learn new techniques of weaving at a special training class to develop expert spinning and weaving techniques..
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/38

Title: Refugees at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社), Paochi (Baoji) 寶鷄, Shensi (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Baoji 宝鸡市, Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Mushroom quarters of refugees outside Paochi (from "My neighbors built a city").
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/39

Title: A view looking down on the houses and yards of one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) in Shensi province (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Housing.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/40

Title: Farmers eating outside their loess cave houses near one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) in Shensi province (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Housing. Loess cave houses in N.W. China.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/41

Title: A large water-wheel used for irrigation at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) in Shensi province (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: A huge water-wheel for irrigation.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/42

Title: Blindfolded mules pulling the mashes to make paper pulp at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) in Shensi province (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Paper making cooperative. Blindfolded mules pull the mashes around the circular trough. Although the methods are primitive, the paper is excellent quality and used by the printing cooperative nearby for army dept books..
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/43

Title: Workers preparing the raw material to make paper at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) in Shensi province (Shaanxi) 陝西
Location: Shaanxi 陕西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: A paper making cooperative.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/44

Title: A potter at work at his weel at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) in Kiangsi province (Jiangsi) 江西
Location: Jiangxi 江西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Potter at his wheel. Pottery coop in Kiangsi.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/45

Title: Chief Engineer Liu trying out an improved spinning machine at the Southwest headquarters of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社), possibly in Kiangsi province (Jiangsi) 江西
Location: Jiangxi 江西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Chief Engineer Liu of the Southwest hq trying out an improved spinning machine.
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/46

Title: A hand-operated silk weaving machine at one of the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) spinning and weaving co-operatives in Kiangsi province (Jiangsi) 江西
Location: Jiangxi 江西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Hand operated silk weaving machine. Spinning & weaving industrial coop in Kiangsi.
Photographer: Indusco Inc. New York
Classmark: Gungho/47

Title: Gauze bandages drying and being packed at the Chinese Industrial Co-operatives (CIC) (Zhong guo gong ye he zuo she 中國工業合作社) disabled soldiers medical cotton and bandage co-operative in Kiangsi province (Jiangsi) 江西
Location: Jiangxi 江西省.
Date: 1 Jan. 1945 - 1 Jan. 1946
Original caption by Joseph Needham: Disabled soldiers medical cotton and bandage coop in Kiangsi. Packing gauze bandages and drying in background..
Photographer: Indusco Inc.
Classmark: Gungho/48